X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation of the carburization of 310 stainless steel

N. Tabet; I. Allam; R. C. Yin

doi:10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00820-1

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation of the carburization of 310 stainless steel

N. Tabet^*, I. Allam, R. C. Yin

^*Corresponding author for this work

King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

15 Scopus citations

Abstract

The surface of 310 stainless steel (310SS) samples was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after 500h cyclic exposure to two carburizing atmospheres: CH ₄ (2%)-H ₂ (98%) at 800°C, and CH ₄ (10%)-H ₂ (90%) at 1100°C. The depth distribution of various elements in the surface region was obtained by XPS after successive cycles of argon etching. The microstructure of the alloy was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the phases formed during the exposure were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the major phases that were formed within few micrometer depth during exposure at 800°C include both iron and chromium carbides. (Mn, Cr) oxide was also formed as a result of the reaction with the residual oxygen of the atmosphere. A region of few microns width that was relatively depleted of chromium was formed under the surface as a result of the outwards diffusion of chromium. The exposure to the reducing atmosphere at 1100°C led to the formation of various iron and chromium carbides. No oxide was formed during exposure. In all exposed samples, the surface was Cr enriched while nickel remained buried under the surface region that reacted with the atmosphere.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	259-272
Number of pages	14
Journal	Applied Surface Science
Volume	220
Issue number	1-4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00820-1
State	Published - 30 Dec 2003

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was carried out as part of a research project (KACST No. At-17-33). The authors would like to thank King Abdulaziz City for Sciences and Technology and King Fahd University for Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) for their support.

Keywords

310SS
Alloys
Carburization
Surface segregation
XPS

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Condensed Matter Physics
Surfaces and Interfaces
Surfaces, Coatings and Films

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10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00820-1

Cite this

@article{273a7df5f55d464abdf26c743d55a803,

title = "X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation of the carburization of 310 stainless steel",

abstract = " The surface of 310 stainless steel (310SS) samples was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after 500h cyclic exposure to two carburizing atmospheres: CH 4 (2\%)-H 2 (98\%) at 800°C, and CH 4 (10\%)-H 2 (90\%) at 1100°C. The depth distribution of various elements in the surface region was obtained by XPS after successive cycles of argon etching. The microstructure of the alloy was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the phases formed during the exposure were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the major phases that were formed within few micrometer depth during exposure at 800°C include both iron and chromium carbides. (Mn, Cr) oxide was also formed as a result of the reaction with the residual oxygen of the atmosphere. A region of few microns width that was relatively depleted of chromium was formed under the surface as a result of the outwards diffusion of chromium. The exposure to the reducing atmosphere at 1100°C led to the formation of various iron and chromium carbides. No oxide was formed during exposure. In all exposed samples, the surface was Cr enriched while nickel remained buried under the surface region that reacted with the atmosphere.",

keywords = "310SS, Alloys, Carburization, Surface segregation, XPS",

author = "N. Tabet and I. Allam and Yin, \{R. C.\}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was carried out as part of a research project (KACST No. At-17-33). The authors would like to thank King Abdulaziz City for Sciences and Technology and King Fahd University for Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) for their support. ",

year = "2003",

month = dec,

day = "30",

doi = "10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00820-1",

language = "English",

volume = "220",

pages = "259--272",

journal = "Applied Surface Science",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation of the carburization of 310 stainless steel

AU - Tabet, N.

AU - Allam, I.

AU - Yin, R. C.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was carried out as part of a research project (KACST No. At-17-33). The authors would like to thank King Abdulaziz City for Sciences and Technology and King Fahd University for Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) for their support.

PY - 2003/12/30

Y1 - 2003/12/30

N2 - The surface of 310 stainless steel (310SS) samples was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after 500h cyclic exposure to two carburizing atmospheres: CH 4 (2%)-H 2 (98%) at 800°C, and CH 4 (10%)-H 2 (90%) at 1100°C. The depth distribution of various elements in the surface region was obtained by XPS after successive cycles of argon etching. The microstructure of the alloy was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the phases formed during the exposure were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the major phases that were formed within few micrometer depth during exposure at 800°C include both iron and chromium carbides. (Mn, Cr) oxide was also formed as a result of the reaction with the residual oxygen of the atmosphere. A region of few microns width that was relatively depleted of chromium was formed under the surface as a result of the outwards diffusion of chromium. The exposure to the reducing atmosphere at 1100°C led to the formation of various iron and chromium carbides. No oxide was formed during exposure. In all exposed samples, the surface was Cr enriched while nickel remained buried under the surface region that reacted with the atmosphere.

AB - The surface of 310 stainless steel (310SS) samples was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after 500h cyclic exposure to two carburizing atmospheres: CH 4 (2%)-H 2 (98%) at 800°C, and CH 4 (10%)-H 2 (90%) at 1100°C. The depth distribution of various elements in the surface region was obtained by XPS after successive cycles of argon etching. The microstructure of the alloy was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the phases formed during the exposure were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the major phases that were formed within few micrometer depth during exposure at 800°C include both iron and chromium carbides. (Mn, Cr) oxide was also formed as a result of the reaction with the residual oxygen of the atmosphere. A region of few microns width that was relatively depleted of chromium was formed under the surface as a result of the outwards diffusion of chromium. The exposure to the reducing atmosphere at 1100°C led to the formation of various iron and chromium carbides. No oxide was formed during exposure. In all exposed samples, the surface was Cr enriched while nickel remained buried under the surface region that reacted with the atmosphere.

KW - 310SS

KW - Alloys

KW - Carburization

KW - Surface segregation

KW - XPS

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/0142155133

U2 - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00820-1

DO - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00820-1

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:0142155133

SN - 0169-4332

VL - 220

SP - 259

EP - 272

JO - Applied Surface Science

JF - Applied Surface Science

IS - 1-4

ER -

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation of the carburization of 310 stainless steel

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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