Waveform Parsimonious Refraction Interferometry

A physics-based approach called waveform parsimonious refraction interferometry (WPRI), which interpolates head or refraction waveform, is introduced in this work. WPRI yields a significant advantage in exploration and engineering applications, as it mitigates the excessive time and labor cost in 2-D field acquisitions that require dense receivers and shots while improving coverage in refraction seismic imaging processes. Our proposed method generates the virtual seismic refraction waveform, which involves kinematic and dynamic information with near-perfect accuracy for near-surface seismic waveform inversion and migration. To achieve this, we record data from two shot locations situated at opposite ends of the seismic profile, as well as a handful of near-offset traces along the profile. The virtual head or refraction wavefield is then determined through the convolution and cross correlation of the recorded wavefields with the objective of eliminating common wavepath. Furthermore, we introduce a source wavelet deconvolution step to correct dynamic discrepancies present in the virtual waveform. By implementing this type of technique, we are able to produce virtual seismic data that are highly accurate and can be effectively employed in near-surface seismic imaging applications.