Wave propagation analysis of graphene platelet-reinforced functionally graded porous plates resting on viscoelastic foundations using an integral HSDT

This paper investigates wave propagation in a functionally graded graphene platelet-reinforced ceramic-metal (FG-GPLRCM) porous plate on viscoelastic substrates. The study employs integral high-order shear deformation theory, effectively reducing the number of unknowns, ensuring compliance with boundary conditions, and accounting for transverse shear effects without the need for shear correction factors. The effective properties of the materials are determined using the Halpin-Tsai model and the rule of mixtures. The governing equations are formulated using Hamilton's principle and solved using a plane wave solution approach. Reinforcement is distributed across the plate's thickness following various configurations, including UD-, O-, X-, A-, and V-types. The proposed model has been validated through several examples, demonstrating its accuracy and efficiency in predicting wave propagation behavior in FG-GPLRCM plates. A comprehensive parametric study examines the influence of porosity, GPL weight fraction, reinforcement distribution patterns, FGM gradient index, plate thickness ratio, and foundation parameters on the wave propagation characteristics of these plates. Results show that phase velocity increases significantly with higher GPL content, especially at greater wavenumbers and porosity levels. Among reinforcement patterns, A-type consistently yields the highest phase velocities, emphasizing the importance of distribution layout. This study highlights key factors affecting FG-GPLRCM plate performance, offering a foundation for optimized design and improved real-world reliability.