Voltage Stability Impacts of High Penetration Electric Vehicles on Transmission Grids

Akib Mostabe Refat; Mohammed F. Al-Mashdali; Abdulaziz Qwbaiban; Kazi N. Hasan; M. A. Abido; Mohammed Al-Muhaini

doi:10.1109/SASG68584.2025.11365358

Voltage Stability Impacts of High Penetration Electric Vehicles on Transmission Grids

Akib Mostabe Refat
, Mohammed F. Al-Mashdali
, Abdulaziz Qwbaiban
, Kazi N. Hasan
, M. A. Abido
, Mohammed Al-Muhaini

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

Introducing Electric vehicles (EVs) into the power grid has a substantial impact on voltage stability. The high variability of consumer loads increases the complexity of maintaining stable operation. EV operation, due to its dynamic load behavior, presents greater challenges and distinct stability characteristics compared to conventional loads. This paper assesses grid stability with EV integration using continuous load flow analysis and evaluates the effects through P-V curve analysis and two stability indices: the Fast Voltage Stability Index (FVSI) and the Novel Line Stability Index (NLSI). Modified IEEE 9-bus and 39-bus systems are considered with three EV load models and the influence of photovoltaic (PV) integration. The study concludes that the strategic placement of EV models plays a significant role in enhancing grid stability and reliability.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
ISBN (Electronic)	9798331577506
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/SASG68584.2025.11365358
State	Published - 2025
Event	2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025 - Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Duration: 15 Dec 2025 → 18 Dec 2025

Publication series

Name	2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025

Conference

Conference	2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025
Country/Territory	Saudi Arabia
City	Riyadh
Period	15/12/25 → 18/12/25

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 IEEE.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

Data Analytics
Dynamic Load
Electric Vehicle
Grid Stability
Voltage Stability

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Artificial Intelligence
Computer Networks and Communications
Computer Science Applications
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Control and Optimization

Access to Document

10.1109/SASG68584.2025.11365358

Cite this

Refat, A. M., Al-Mashdali, M. F., Qwbaiban, A., Hasan, K. N., Abido, M. A., & Al-Muhaini, M. (2025). Voltage Stability Impacts of High Penetration Electric Vehicles on Transmission Grids. In 2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025 (2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1109/SASG68584.2025.11365358

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title = "Voltage Stability Impacts of High Penetration Electric Vehicles on Transmission Grids",

abstract = "Introducing Electric vehicles (EVs) into the power grid has a substantial impact on voltage stability. The high variability of consumer loads increases the complexity of maintaining stable operation. EV operation, due to its dynamic load behavior, presents greater challenges and distinct stability characteristics compared to conventional loads. This paper assesses grid stability with EV integration using continuous load flow analysis and evaluates the effects through P-V curve analysis and two stability indices: the Fast Voltage Stability Index (FVSI) and the Novel Line Stability Index (NLSI). Modified IEEE 9-bus and 39-bus systems are considered with three EV load models and the influence of photovoltaic (PV) integration. The study concludes that the strategic placement of EV models plays a significant role in enhancing grid stability and reliability.",

keywords = "Data Analytics, Dynamic Load, Electric Vehicle, Grid Stability, Voltage Stability",

author = "Refat, \{Akib Mostabe\} and Al-Mashdali, \{Mohammed F.\} and Abdulaziz Qwbaiban and Hasan, \{Kazi N.\} and Abido, \{M. A.\} and Mohammed Al-Muhaini",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 IEEE.; 2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025 ; Conference date: 15-12-2025 Through 18-12-2025",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1109/SASG68584.2025.11365358",

language = "English",

series = "2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",

booktitle = "2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025",

address = "United States",

}

Refat, AM, Al-Mashdali, MF, Qwbaiban, A, Hasan, KN, Abido, MA & Al-Muhaini, M 2025, Voltage Stability Impacts of High Penetration Electric Vehicles on Transmission Grids. in 2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025. 2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 15/12/25. https://doi.org/10.1109/SASG68584.2025.11365358

Voltage Stability Impacts of High Penetration Electric Vehicles on Transmission Grids. / Refat, Akib Mostabe; Al-Mashdali, Mohammed F.; Qwbaiban, Abdulaziz et al.
2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025. (2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Voltage Stability Impacts of High Penetration Electric Vehicles on Transmission Grids

AU - Refat, Akib Mostabe

AU - Al-Mashdali, Mohammed F.

AU - Qwbaiban, Abdulaziz

AU - Hasan, Kazi N.

AU - Abido, M. A.

AU - Al-Muhaini, Mohammed

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - Introducing Electric vehicles (EVs) into the power grid has a substantial impact on voltage stability. The high variability of consumer loads increases the complexity of maintaining stable operation. EV operation, due to its dynamic load behavior, presents greater challenges and distinct stability characteristics compared to conventional loads. This paper assesses grid stability with EV integration using continuous load flow analysis and evaluates the effects through P-V curve analysis and two stability indices: the Fast Voltage Stability Index (FVSI) and the Novel Line Stability Index (NLSI). Modified IEEE 9-bus and 39-bus systems are considered with three EV load models and the influence of photovoltaic (PV) integration. The study concludes that the strategic placement of EV models plays a significant role in enhancing grid stability and reliability.

AB - Introducing Electric vehicles (EVs) into the power grid has a substantial impact on voltage stability. The high variability of consumer loads increases the complexity of maintaining stable operation. EV operation, due to its dynamic load behavior, presents greater challenges and distinct stability characteristics compared to conventional loads. This paper assesses grid stability with EV integration using continuous load flow analysis and evaluates the effects through P-V curve analysis and two stability indices: the Fast Voltage Stability Index (FVSI) and the Novel Line Stability Index (NLSI). Modified IEEE 9-bus and 39-bus systems are considered with three EV load models and the influence of photovoltaic (PV) integration. The study concludes that the strategic placement of EV models plays a significant role in enhancing grid stability and reliability.

KW - Data Analytics

KW - Dynamic Load

KW - Electric Vehicle

KW - Grid Stability

KW - Voltage Stability

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105034471328

U2 - 10.1109/SASG68584.2025.11365358

DO - 10.1109/SASG68584.2025.11365358

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:105034471328

T3 - 2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025

BT - 2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025

PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

T2 - 2025 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid, SASG 2025

Y2 - 15 December 2025 through 18 December 2025

ER -

Voltage Stability Impacts of High Penetration Electric Vehicles on Transmission Grids

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Bibliographical note

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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Cite this