Viscous oscillatory flow about a circular cylinder at small to moderate Strouhal number

The transient flow field caused by an infinitely long circular cylinder placed in an unbounded viscous fluid oscillating in a direction normal to the cylinder axis, which is at rest, is considered. The flow is assumed to be started suddenly from rest and to remain symmetrical about the direction of motion. The method of solution is based on an accurate procedure for integrating the unsteady Navier-Stokes equations numerically. The numerical method has been carried out for large values of time for both moderate and high Reynolds numbers. The effects of the Reynolds number and of the Strouhal number on the laminar symmetric wake evolution are studied and compared with previous numerical and experimental results. The time variation of the drag coefficients is also presented and compared with an inviscid flow solution for the same problem. The comparison between viscous and inviscid flow results shows a better agreement for higher values of Reynolds and Strouhal numbers. The mean flow for large times is calculated and is found to be in good agreement with previous predictions based on boundary-layer theory.