Variations in EEG Signals Across Different Brain Regions during Motor Imagery and Execution Tasks

Electroencephalography techniques used in Brain computer interface to control external devices. Different BCI applications based on EEG were reported such as controlling the robotic arm, computer courser or gaming. Motor execution and motor imagery are both used as EEG input control signals to control the peripheral devices. However, some applications are required to control the peripheral devices using thoughts (motor imagery) only. In this case, differentiation between actual and imagery action is crucial. In this work, the investigation of the changes of the power spectrum of the EEG bands including alpha and beta bands in the different brain regions. The public dataset recorded from 60 subjects in different movements task were used. Th Alpha (8-12 Hz) and Beta (13-30 Hz) were extracted from the recorded EEG signals. After the preprocessing, the power spectrum was calculated for each band in four brain regions including central sulcus, motor cortex, sensorimotor cortex. The results reveal that significant differences were found in the area in the alpha and beta bands in the motor cortex and sensorimotor cortex. while in the central sulcus the differences were insignificant. The results of this study are still preliminary and more investigation using different EEG quantities and features are required. Additionally, this study needs to be validated with another dataset.