Understanding the best practices of cradle to cradle in furnishings, carpet, and textile industries–A case studies analysis and conceptual model

Cradle to Cradle (C2C) is a shift in the furnishing, carpet, and textile industries, aiming to minimize environmental impact through closed-loop production. This study explores the best practices for C2C implementation using deductive qualitative coding. Case studies of H&M, Levi’®, DESSO, and Herman Miller reveal challenges such as high initial costs, limited C2C material availability, and scalability of closed-loop recycling. However, the study identifies C2C adoption best practices: prioritizing safe materials, research and development investment, closed-loop systems, stakeholder education, and supportive policies as keys to overcoming challenges and achieving circularity. Theoretically, the study connects C2C strategy with real-world critical industry sector implementation in furnishings, carpets, and textiles and identifies best practices and challenges for C2C success in these industries. Practically, the study offers actionable recommendations for manufacturing companies and policymakers to implement C2C principles, reducing their environmental footprint, gaining a competitive advantage, and contributing to a more sustainable future.