Tourist perceptions of robotaxis through perceived risk theory and technology acceptance model: Focusing on the ICT development index

This research investigated the development of behavioral intentions using the perceived risk theory and the technology acceptance model in the context of the robotaxi services of travelers. In addition, this study tested the moderating role of the ICT development status in the proposed model. Data collection was conducted in South Korea with 348 participants, which is a country that is known for its advanced ICT development, and with 322 respondents in Pakistan, which is where ICT development is comparatively lower. The findings showed that the five components of perceived risk, which included financial, time, privacy, performance, and psychological risks, negatively affect attitude. Perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness in the technology acceptance model significantly affect attitude. There was also a positive relationship between attitude and behavioral intentions. Lastly, the ICT development status moderates the relationship between (1) financial risk and attitude and (2) privacy risk and attitude.