Three-dimensional electron-kinetic theory approach for laser heating: Moving heat source consideration

Lasers are extensively used for the heat treatment of engineering surfaces. The simulation of laser heating may enhance the understanding of the process parameters and yields insight into the phenomena occurring within the region activated by the laser beam. Consequently, in the present study, electron-kinetic theory approach is introduced to model the three-dimensional laser heating process. However, the phase change (melting) process is not considered in the present study due to the fact that the temperature of the heated surface is usually kept below the melting temperature of the substrate in most surface treatment processes. Since the energy equation derived is in the form of an integro-differential equation, a numerical scheme using finite-difference approximation is employed. A laser beam with a constant velocity is considered as scanning the workpiece surface. The study is extended to include three laser beam scanning velocities, therefore, the respective temperature fields are computed. To validate the theoretical predictions, the surface temperature measurements are carried out. It is found that the surface temperature rises at low scanning velocities. In addition, the surface temperatures obtained from the measurements agree with the theoretical predictions.