Thermohydraulic Performance Investigation of GQD/ Water Nanofluids in a Microchannel Heat Sink with Sinusoidal Cavity

Nanofluids are employed for the heat dissipation effectively of various electronic devices, such as microchannel heat sink (MCHS). Nonetheless, nanofluids with remarkable thermal stability and characteristics are still required. Therefore, this study presents evaluation of graphene quantum dots (GQD) nanofluids performance inside MCHS with sinusoidal cavities and rectangular ribs. Due to this nanofluid type provides a variety of superior characteristics, including low effects on rheological properties, enhanced thermal properties, and great chemical stability. The hydrothermal behavior of GQD nanofluids was done through ANSYS Fluent program, that solves the governing equations of model by the finite volume approach. The numerical modeling is based on varying GQD concentrations (0.1,0.3, and 0.5%) and Reynolds numbers (Re) range from 100 to 500. The results demonstrated that heat transfer coefficient (h) significantly enhanced with adding the GQD nanoparticles, meanwhile the pressure drop (ΔP) grew clearly as penalty Further, increasing Re nanofluids provided more uniform temperature distribution over heated surface of bottom wall. For instance, at φ=0.5 and Re=500, the θ value dropped by 13.2% compared to the water. To conclude, the highest PEC values were 1.049,1.064, and 1.129 at Re=100 with 0.1%, 0.3, and 0.5% of GQD nanoparticles, respectively.