Thermodynamic Studies on Infinitely Dilute Solutions of Nonmesomorphic Solutes in Liquid Crystalline Solvents

Infinite-dilution activity coefficients (γ₂^∞), partial molar excess enthalpies (H^E) and entropies (S^E), and partial molar enthalpies (Δ_solnH^∞) and entropies (Δ_solnS^∞) of solution, obtained using gas-liquid chromatography (GLC), are reported for hexane, trans-hex-3-ene, cyclohexane, cis-2-trans-4-hexadiene, trans-2-trans-4-hexadiene, and benzene in the nematic and isotropic phases of the liquid crystalline solvents p-(n-pentyloxy)-p′-cyanobiphenyl, p-(n-hexyloxy)-p′-cyanobiphenyl, p-(n-heptyloxy)-p′-cyanobiphenyl, and p-(n-octyloxy)-p′-cyanobiphenyl. General trends in the four solvents are identified. The results demonstrate the effects that the solute structure (shape, flexibility, and polarizability) and the length of the flexible alkyloxy tail on the solvent molecule have on the solution process.