The reinstatement of returnees in district swat, pakistan: An evaluative study of the rehabilitation initiatives

Muhammad Rafiq; Asan Ali Golam Hassan; Muhammad Saeed

doi:10.3390/socsci10120476

The reinstatement of returnees in district swat, pakistan: An evaluative study of the rehabilitation initiatives

Muhammad Rafiq^*, Asan Ali Golam Hassan, Muhammad Saeed

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

This study attempted to develop a happiness index tool for evaluating rehabilitation initiatives used to reinstate returnees at district Swat, Pakistan. The Happiness Index (HI) tool compares two periods, i.e., HI before rehabilitation (BR) and HI after rehabilitation (AR). The returnees’ happiness index (RHI) is also compared with Pakistan’s Happiness Index to identify the difference. Data for this study were elicited from 382 respondents through a structured survey questionnaire. The results show that after rehabilitation (AR), the returnees’ happiness index improved from 3.89 to 5.36, which is still less than the world happiness index of Pakistan, i.e., 5.65 in 2019. This study concluded that rehabilitation projects had a significantly positive impact on the HI of the returnees. However, more effective and sustainable initiatives are required to align the RHI to the HI of Pakistan. Further, the RHI tool adopted by this study is significant for measuring the happiness of the marginalized and affected people in Pakistan and beyond.

Original language	English
Article number	476
Journal	Social Sciences
Volume	10
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10120476
State	Published - Dec 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the European Union 6th and 7th Framework Programme IST Integrating Projects “Augmented Multi-party Interaction with Distance Access” (AMIDA, FP6-033812) and “Together Anywhere Together Anytime” (TA2, FP7-214793), and the Swiss National Center of Competence in Research (NCCR) on “Interactive Multi-modal Information Management” (IM2).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Keywords

Happiness index
IDPs
Rehabilitation
Returnees
Swat Pakistan

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Social Sciences (all)

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10.3390/socsci10120476

Cite this

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title = "The reinstatement of returnees in district swat, pakistan: An evaluative study of the rehabilitation initiatives",

abstract = "This study attempted to develop a happiness index tool for evaluating rehabilitation initiatives used to reinstate returnees at district Swat, Pakistan. The Happiness Index (HI) tool compares two periods, i.e., HI before rehabilitation (BR) and HI after rehabilitation (AR). The returnees{\textquoteright} happiness index (RHI) is also compared with Pakistan{\textquoteright}s Happiness Index to identify the difference. Data for this study were elicited from 382 respondents through a structured survey questionnaire. The results show that after rehabilitation (AR), the returnees{\textquoteright} happiness index improved from 3.89 to 5.36, which is still less than the world happiness index of Pakistan, i.e., 5.65 in 2019. This study concluded that rehabilitation projects had a significantly positive impact on the HI of the returnees. However, more effective and sustainable initiatives are required to align the RHI to the HI of Pakistan. Further, the RHI tool adopted by this study is significant for measuring the happiness of the marginalized and affected people in Pakistan and beyond.",

keywords = "Happiness index, IDPs, Rehabilitation, Returnees, Swat Pakistan",

author = "Muhammad Rafiq and Hassan, {Asan Ali Golam} and Muhammad Saeed",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the European Union 6th and 7th Framework Programme IST Integrating Projects “Augmented Multi-party Interaction with Distance Access” (AMIDA, FP6-033812) and “Together Anywhere Together Anytime” (TA2, FP7-214793), and the Swiss National Center of Competence in Research (NCCR) on “Interactive Multi-modal Information Management” (IM2). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",

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N2 - This study attempted to develop a happiness index tool for evaluating rehabilitation initiatives used to reinstate returnees at district Swat, Pakistan. The Happiness Index (HI) tool compares two periods, i.e., HI before rehabilitation (BR) and HI after rehabilitation (AR). The returnees’ happiness index (RHI) is also compared with Pakistan’s Happiness Index to identify the difference. Data for this study were elicited from 382 respondents through a structured survey questionnaire. The results show that after rehabilitation (AR), the returnees’ happiness index improved from 3.89 to 5.36, which is still less than the world happiness index of Pakistan, i.e., 5.65 in 2019. This study concluded that rehabilitation projects had a significantly positive impact on the HI of the returnees. However, more effective and sustainable initiatives are required to align the RHI to the HI of Pakistan. Further, the RHI tool adopted by this study is significant for measuring the happiness of the marginalized and affected people in Pakistan and beyond.

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The reinstatement of returnees in district swat, pakistan: An evaluative study of the rehabilitation initiatives

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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