The latest advancements in technology to utilize oxygenated biofuels in diesel engines

Use of biodiesel and oxygenated fuel additives results in reduction of emission levels. Reduction in products of incomplete combustion of fuel is observed by using biodiesel because an increase in stratification of fuel is caused by the temperature in the cylinder and the properties of biodiesel. Additives blended with biodiesel shows enhancement in cetane number and oxidation stability with decrease in viscosity. An alcohol additive in diesel shows positive effects on thermal efficiency, level of mean indicated pressure, and stability of the engine, but it also results in the highest content of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide in emissions of engine exhaust. When additives such as decanol (n-D) and di-tert-butyl peroxide are blended with biodiesel, its high density and viscosity are decreased, which reduces problems in atomization, which ultimately reduces smoke hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions. When the waste-derived novel oxygenated additive ethylene glycol diacetate is blended with diesel or biodiesel, it results in mitigation of nitrogen oxides of carbon monoxide emissions but increased emission of unburned hydrocarbons. This chapter focuses on efficient oxygenated additives and their effect on different parameters of combustion, emission, and performance of diesel engines. Different biodiesels, namely, waste cooking oil, biodiesel, tamarind seed methyl ester biodiesel, papaya seed oil biodiesel, and microalgae (Chlorella protothecoides) biodiesel are discussed in this chapter. Oxygenated additives, namely, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether), diethyl ether, dimethyl ether, dimethyl carbonate, decanol (n-D), di-tert-butyl-peroxide, ethylene glycol diacetate, di-n-butyl ether, 1-octanol, and 2-ethyl hexanol are discussed on the basis of their blending volume percentage with combinations of different biodiesel and diesel blends.