The Controllable Ratio of the Polyaniline-Needle-Shaped Manganese Dioxide for the High-Performance Supercapacitor Application

The nanohybrid development of metal oxide/conducting polymer as an energy storage material is an active research area, because of the device stability, conductive behavior, and easy fabrication. Herein, needle-like MnO₂ was coupled with polyaniline fabricated through chemical polymerization followed by the hydrothermal process. The characterization results show that MnO₂/polyaniline exhibited a needle-like morphology. Different characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the formation of the MnO₂/polyaniline nanohybrids. The electrochemical performance, including cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD), specific capacitance (C_sp), and cyclic stability, was examined using a three-electrode assembly cell. The optimized electrode displayed a C_sp of 522.20 F g⁻¹ at a current load of 1.0 A g⁻¹ compared with the other electrodes. The developed synergism during MnO₂/polyaniline fabrication provided enhanced conductive channels and stability during the charge–discharge process.