Techno-economic analysis with energy management strategies of sustainable electrification of a remote village in Western India

The incorporation of renewable energy sources (RES) into power grids is crucial for ensuring sustainability and economic efficiency in energy systems. This study presents an optimal hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) with grid connectivity for Sarmat village in Gujarat, India. The suggested system integrates solar photovoltaic (SPV), wind turbine (WT), and optional battery energy storage (BES) to tackle the unpredictable characteristics of renewable energy sources. The optimisation technique utilises the Giza pyramids construction algorithm, a robust evolutionary approach, to minimise the levelised cost of energy (LCOE) and total net present cost (TNPC) while ensuring a reliable power supply. The techno-economic analysis evaluates various system configurations, including WT/SPV/GRID, GRID/SPV, WT/BES/GRID, and GRID/BES, to determine the most cost-effective solution. Results indicate that the SPV/WT/GRID configuration achieves the lowest LCOE of 0.0082/kWh and TNPC of 139,902, making it the optimal choice for energy generation in the region.