Tailoring electrochemical interfaces in quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with polymer gel electrolytes for improved ion conductivity and charge transfer

This study focuses on enhancing the electrochemical stability and photovoltaic performance of quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) through the development of high-performance polymer gel electrolytes (PGEs). The optimized PGE formulation was designed to improve ionic conductivity, structural integrity, and charge transport dynamics. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed a well-defined porous morphology favorable for efficient ion diffusion, while Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed molecular compatibility. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated the thermal stability of the electrolyte. The DSSC fabricated with the optimized PGE exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.55%, with an open-circuit voltage (V_oc) of 500 mV, a short-circuit current density (J_sc) of 16.50 mA·cm⁻², and a fill factor (FF) of 0.674. Stability evaluations, including light-intensity-dependent and transient current response measurements, confirmed the device’s consistent photovoltaic performance over time. These findings underscore the potential of PGEs as advanced electrolytes for achieving high-efficiency, durable DSSCs and support their application in next-generation sustainable photovoltaic technologies.