Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles from Marine Streptomyces parvisporogenes KL3 for Effective Antibacterial and Larvicidal Applications

Recent studies have emphasized the application of nanoscience and nanotechnology to disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. This study examined the use of marine actinobacteria in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). UV–Vis spectrophotometry, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to characterize the primary structure, crystalline nature, functional groups, shape, and elemental signal of the synthesized AgNPs. The mean particle diameter of the AgNPs was measured, and the size was found to be between 23 and 27 nm. The antibacterial activity of the AgNPs was evaluated; it showed enhanced inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. At an AgNP concentration of 40 g/mL, the test pathogen growth was completely inhibited. The larvicidal property of the synthesized AgNPs showed enhanced activity against An. stephensi (LC5017.511 and LC9050.572), A. aegypti (LC50 22.481 and LC90 61.920), and Cx. quinquefasciatus (LC50 29.548 and LC90 73.123). By analyzing the phenotypic data, the 16S rRNA gene sequence, and the phylogenetic data, the probable isolate was also determined to be Streptomyces parvisporogenes KL3. The study results prove that biosynthesized AgNPs can be used as effective antibacterial and larvicidal agents in drug formulation.