Synthesis and characterization of alkaline earth and rare earth doped sialon Ceramics by spark plasma sintering

Abbas Saeed Hakeem; Majid Khan; Bilal Anjum Ahmed; Ahmed Al Ghanim; Faheemuddin Patel; Muhammad Ali Ehsan; Sadaqat Ali; Tahar Laoui; Sharafat Ali

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2021.105500

Synthesis and characterization of alkaline earth and rare earth doped sialon Ceramics by spark plasma sintering

Abbas Saeed Hakeem^*, Majid Khan, Bilal Anjum Ahmed, Ahmed Al Ghanim, Faheemuddin Patel, Muhammad Ali Ehsan, Sadaqat Ali, Tahar Laoui, Sharafat Ali

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

24 Scopus citations

Abstract

Several sialon ceramics compositions were synthesized by selecting metal oxides (MOs) in the nanosize range as additives in the oxynitride network. Nanosized precursors, including Si₃N₄, SiO₂, AlN, Al₂O₃, and MO (MO = MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, Y₂O₃, La₂O₃, CeO₂, Nd₂O₃, Eu₂O₃, Dy₂O₃, Er₂O₃ and Yb₂O₃,) were used in the present study. Probe sonication and spark plasma sintering techniques were used for mixing the powder precursors and subsequent synthesis of sialon ceramics at a relatively low temperature of 1500 °C. Formation of α-sialon (general formula represented by M_m/vSi_12-(m+n)Al_m+nO_nN_16-n) was investigated for m and n values of 1.1 and 0.6, respectively and their structural, morphological, thermal, and mechanical properties were evaluated. The synthesized samples were characterized using X-ray diffractometry and field emission scanning electron microscopy to study the effect of the MOs on the microstructure and resulting densification, hardness, fracture toughness, thermal expansion and thermal conductivity. The sialon samples synthesized using the selected MOs exhibited similar relative densities in the range of 96 to 99% among all the samples and Vickers hardness (H_V10) values, in the range of 15 to 20.8 GPa, depending on the type of MO. However, RE MOs exhibited a higher H_V than AE MOs. Fracture toughness (K_Ic) was ~4 MPa·m^1/2 for most of the samples, but the sample doped with Yb₂O₃ had the highest K_Ic of 6.3 MPa·m^1/2. The thermal conductivity decreased as the atomic number (atomic radii) of the AE increases and in the case of RE exhibited a random tendency. On the other hand, the thermal expansion coefficient increased with increasing atomic radii of the AE, and a mixed trend, with values in the range of 2.63 to 2.83 ppm·K⁻¹, was observed for RE doped sialon ceramics. These behaviors are attributed to the resulting morphology and structure of alpha sialon comprised of both equiaxed and elongated grains. The properties of these sialon ceramics could be tailored by the proper selection of the suitable precursors and synthesis parameters.

Original language	English
Article number	105500
Journal	International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials
Volume	97
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2021.105500
State	Published - Jun 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge the support provided by the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, for funding this work through KFUPM .

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords

Alkaline earth
Rare earth
Sialon
Structural evaluation
Thermomechanical properties

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Ceramics and Composites
Mechanics of Materials
Mechanical Engineering
Metals and Alloys
Materials Chemistry

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10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2021.105500

Cite this

@article{2c538a8f464f4f209e150609b6da4bd1,

title = "Synthesis and characterization of alkaline earth and rare earth doped sialon Ceramics by spark plasma sintering",

abstract = "Several sialon ceramics compositions were synthesized by selecting metal oxides (MOs) in the nanosize range as additives in the oxynitride network. Nanosized precursors, including Si3N4, SiO2, AlN, Al2O3, and MO (MO = MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, Y2O3, La2O3, CeO2, Nd2O3, Eu2O3, Dy2O3, Er2O3 and Yb2O3,) were used in the present study. Probe sonication and spark plasma sintering techniques were used for mixing the powder precursors and subsequent synthesis of sialon ceramics at a relatively low temperature of 1500 °C. Formation of α-sialon (general formula represented by Mm/vSi12-(m+n)Alm+nOnN16-n) was investigated for m and n values of 1.1 and 0.6, respectively and their structural, morphological, thermal, and mechanical properties were evaluated. The synthesized samples were characterized using X-ray diffractometry and field emission scanning electron microscopy to study the effect of the MOs on the microstructure and resulting densification, hardness, fracture toughness, thermal expansion and thermal conductivity. The sialon samples synthesized using the selected MOs exhibited similar relative densities in the range of 96 to 99% among all the samples and Vickers hardness (HV10) values, in the range of 15 to 20.8 GPa, depending on the type of MO. However, RE MOs exhibited a higher HV than AE MOs. Fracture toughness (KIc) was ~4 MPa·m1/2 for most of the samples, but the sample doped with Yb2O3 had the highest KIc of 6.3 MPa·m1/2. The thermal conductivity decreased as the atomic number (atomic radii) of the AE increases and in the case of RE exhibited a random tendency. On the other hand, the thermal expansion coefficient increased with increasing atomic radii of the AE, and a mixed trend, with values in the range of 2.63 to 2.83 ppm·K−1, was observed for RE doped sialon ceramics. These behaviors are attributed to the resulting morphology and structure of alpha sialon comprised of both equiaxed and elongated grains. The properties of these sialon ceramics could be tailored by the proper selection of the suitable precursors and synthesis parameters.",

keywords = "Alkaline earth, Rare earth, Sialon, Structural evaluation, Thermomechanical properties",

author = "Hakeem, {Abbas Saeed} and Majid Khan and Ahmed, {Bilal Anjum} and {Al Ghanim}, Ahmed and Faheemuddin Patel and Ehsan, {Muhammad Ali} and Sadaqat Ali and Tahar Laoui and Sharafat Ali",

note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to acknowledge the support provided by the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, for funding this work through KFUPM . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2021",

month = jun,

doi = "10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2021.105500",

language = "English",

volume = "97",

journal = "International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials",

issn = "0263-4368",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Synthesis and characterization of alkaline earth and rare earth doped sialon Ceramics by spark plasma sintering

AU - Hakeem, Abbas Saeed

AU - Khan, Majid

AU - Ahmed, Bilal Anjum

AU - Al Ghanim, Ahmed

AU - Patel, Faheemuddin

AU - Ehsan, Muhammad Ali

AU - Ali, Sadaqat

AU - Laoui, Tahar

AU - Ali, Sharafat

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to acknowledge the support provided by the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, for funding this work through KFUPM . Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

PY - 2021/6

Y1 - 2021/6

N2 - Several sialon ceramics compositions were synthesized by selecting metal oxides (MOs) in the nanosize range as additives in the oxynitride network. Nanosized precursors, including Si3N4, SiO2, AlN, Al2O3, and MO (MO = MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, Y2O3, La2O3, CeO2, Nd2O3, Eu2O3, Dy2O3, Er2O3 and Yb2O3,) were used in the present study. Probe sonication and spark plasma sintering techniques were used for mixing the powder precursors and subsequent synthesis of sialon ceramics at a relatively low temperature of 1500 °C. Formation of α-sialon (general formula represented by Mm/vSi12-(m+n)Alm+nOnN16-n) was investigated for m and n values of 1.1 and 0.6, respectively and their structural, morphological, thermal, and mechanical properties were evaluated. The synthesized samples were characterized using X-ray diffractometry and field emission scanning electron microscopy to study the effect of the MOs on the microstructure and resulting densification, hardness, fracture toughness, thermal expansion and thermal conductivity. The sialon samples synthesized using the selected MOs exhibited similar relative densities in the range of 96 to 99% among all the samples and Vickers hardness (HV10) values, in the range of 15 to 20.8 GPa, depending on the type of MO. However, RE MOs exhibited a higher HV than AE MOs. Fracture toughness (KIc) was ~4 MPa·m1/2 for most of the samples, but the sample doped with Yb2O3 had the highest KIc of 6.3 MPa·m1/2. The thermal conductivity decreased as the atomic number (atomic radii) of the AE increases and in the case of RE exhibited a random tendency. On the other hand, the thermal expansion coefficient increased with increasing atomic radii of the AE, and a mixed trend, with values in the range of 2.63 to 2.83 ppm·K−1, was observed for RE doped sialon ceramics. These behaviors are attributed to the resulting morphology and structure of alpha sialon comprised of both equiaxed and elongated grains. The properties of these sialon ceramics could be tailored by the proper selection of the suitable precursors and synthesis parameters.

AB - Several sialon ceramics compositions were synthesized by selecting metal oxides (MOs) in the nanosize range as additives in the oxynitride network. Nanosized precursors, including Si3N4, SiO2, AlN, Al2O3, and MO (MO = MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, Y2O3, La2O3, CeO2, Nd2O3, Eu2O3, Dy2O3, Er2O3 and Yb2O3,) were used in the present study. Probe sonication and spark plasma sintering techniques were used for mixing the powder precursors and subsequent synthesis of sialon ceramics at a relatively low temperature of 1500 °C. Formation of α-sialon (general formula represented by Mm/vSi12-(m+n)Alm+nOnN16-n) was investigated for m and n values of 1.1 and 0.6, respectively and their structural, morphological, thermal, and mechanical properties were evaluated. The synthesized samples were characterized using X-ray diffractometry and field emission scanning electron microscopy to study the effect of the MOs on the microstructure and resulting densification, hardness, fracture toughness, thermal expansion and thermal conductivity. The sialon samples synthesized using the selected MOs exhibited similar relative densities in the range of 96 to 99% among all the samples and Vickers hardness (HV10) values, in the range of 15 to 20.8 GPa, depending on the type of MO. However, RE MOs exhibited a higher HV than AE MOs. Fracture toughness (KIc) was ~4 MPa·m1/2 for most of the samples, but the sample doped with Yb2O3 had the highest KIc of 6.3 MPa·m1/2. The thermal conductivity decreased as the atomic number (atomic radii) of the AE increases and in the case of RE exhibited a random tendency. On the other hand, the thermal expansion coefficient increased with increasing atomic radii of the AE, and a mixed trend, with values in the range of 2.63 to 2.83 ppm·K−1, was observed for RE doped sialon ceramics. These behaviors are attributed to the resulting morphology and structure of alpha sialon comprised of both equiaxed and elongated grains. The properties of these sialon ceramics could be tailored by the proper selection of the suitable precursors and synthesis parameters.

KW - Alkaline earth

KW - Rare earth

KW - Sialon

KW - Structural evaluation

KW - Thermomechanical properties

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85101261930&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2021.105500

DO - 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2021.105500

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85101261930

SN - 0263-4368

VL - 97

JO - International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials

JF - International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials

M1 - 105500

ER -

Synthesis and characterization of alkaline earth and rare earth doped sialon Ceramics by spark plasma sintering

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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