Structural and magnetic properties of hematite nanocrystalline obtained by ball milling

α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles were obtained by a mechanical alloying of micrometer-sized powder at different milling times. Samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Mössbauer spectrometry, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). A qualitative and quantitative phase analyses using the Rietveld method have been performed based on the XRD data. The results did not reveal any phase change during the milling. The average particle size decreases with a prolongation of milling times, while the lattice parameters, unit cell volume, and microstrain increase. Mössbauer measurement shows that there are two components, one nanometric and other micrometric. The magnetic hysteresis loops shows that the samples are typical of ferromagnet with superparamagnetic fraction in the material.