Strength and microstructure of alkali-activated binary blended binder containing palm oil fuel ash and ground blast-furnace slag

Moruf Olalekan Yusuf; Megat Azmi Megat Johari; Zainal Arifin Ahmad; Mohammed Maslehuddin

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.012

Strength and microstructure of alkali-activated binary blended binder containing palm oil fuel ash and ground blast-furnace slag

Moruf Olalekan Yusuf
, Megat Azmi Megat Johari^*
, Zainal Arifin Ahmad
, Mohammed Maslehuddin

^*Corresponding author for this work

Applied Research Center for Metrology, Standards and Testing

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

140 Scopus citations

Abstract

In this study, combinations of ultrafine palm oil fuel ash (UPOFA) and ground blast furnace slag (GBFS) have been used to study the compressive strength and microstructure of the alkali-activated GBFS-UPOFA (AAGU) binary blended binder paste. GBFS (G) was added in varying percentages to alkaline activated UPOFA (AAU) such that the ratio of G/U + G varied from 0 to 0.3 at interval of 0.05. Sodium silicate (Na₂SiO₃) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with a final silicate modulus (Ms = SiO₂/Na ₂O) of 1.58 were used as activators. Pozzolanic materials (G + U), activators, and free water were combined by weight ratios as: 1/0.35/0.02. A 28-day compressive strength of 44 MPa was achieved for G/U + G of 0.2 cured for 24 h at 60 C. Finally, characterization was done using X-ray diffraction, SEM and FTIR and the analyses revealed that GBFS contributes significantly to the mechanical strength by pore filling effects, and the formation of additional calcium (aluminate) silicate hydrate (C(A)SH).

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	504-510
Number of pages	7
Journal	Construction and Building Materials
Volume	52
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.012
State	Published - 15 Feb 2014

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors gratefully acknowledge the Universiti Sains Malaysia for providing the financial support through the Research University (1001/PAWAM/814103) Grant Scheme. The supports from Center for Engineering Research of Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran, Saudi Arabia are specially acknowledged. Thanks are also due to Malaysian United Palm Oil Industries and Southern Steel Company for providing the palm oil fuel ash and blast furnace slag, respectively.

Keywords

Calcium-silicate-hydrate
Compressive strength
Geopolymers
Granulated blast-furnace slag
Materials characterization
Palm oil fuel ash
Sodium silicate

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Civil and Structural Engineering
Building and Construction
General Materials Science

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10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.012

Cite this

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title = "Strength and microstructure of alkali-activated binary blended binder containing palm oil fuel ash and ground blast-furnace slag",

abstract = "In this study, combinations of ultrafine palm oil fuel ash (UPOFA) and ground blast furnace slag (GBFS) have been used to study the compressive strength and microstructure of the alkali-activated GBFS-UPOFA (AAGU) binary blended binder paste. GBFS (G) was added in varying percentages to alkaline activated UPOFA (AAU) such that the ratio of G/U + G varied from 0 to 0.3 at interval of 0.05. Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with a final silicate modulus (Ms = SiO2/Na 2O) of 1.58 were used as activators. Pozzolanic materials (G + U), activators, and free water were combined by weight ratios as: 1/0.35/0.02. A 28-day compressive strength of 44 MPa was achieved for G/U + G of 0.2 cured for 24 h at 60 C. Finally, characterization was done using X-ray diffraction, SEM and FTIR and the analyses revealed that GBFS contributes significantly to the mechanical strength by pore filling effects, and the formation of additional calcium (aluminate) silicate hydrate (C(A)SH).",

keywords = "Calcium-silicate-hydrate, Compressive strength, Geopolymers, Granulated blast-furnace slag, Materials characterization, Palm oil fuel ash, Sodium silicate",

author = "Yusuf, \{Moruf Olalekan\} and \{Megat Johari\}, \{Megat Azmi\} and Ahmad, \{Zainal Arifin\} and Mohammed Maslehuddin",

note = "Funding Information: The authors gratefully acknowledge the Universiti Sains Malaysia for providing the financial support through the Research University (1001/PAWAM/814103) Grant Scheme. The supports from Center for Engineering Research of Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran, Saudi Arabia are specially acknowledged. Thanks are also due to Malaysian United Palm Oil Industries and Southern Steel Company for providing the palm oil fuel ash and blast furnace slag, respectively.",

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AU - Ahmad, Zainal Arifin

AU - Maslehuddin, Mohammed

N1 - Funding Information: The authors gratefully acknowledge the Universiti Sains Malaysia for providing the financial support through the Research University (1001/PAWAM/814103) Grant Scheme. The supports from Center for Engineering Research of Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran, Saudi Arabia are specially acknowledged. Thanks are also due to Malaysian United Palm Oil Industries and Southern Steel Company for providing the palm oil fuel ash and blast furnace slag, respectively.

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N2 - In this study, combinations of ultrafine palm oil fuel ash (UPOFA) and ground blast furnace slag (GBFS) have been used to study the compressive strength and microstructure of the alkali-activated GBFS-UPOFA (AAGU) binary blended binder paste. GBFS (G) was added in varying percentages to alkaline activated UPOFA (AAU) such that the ratio of G/U + G varied from 0 to 0.3 at interval of 0.05. Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with a final silicate modulus (Ms = SiO2/Na 2O) of 1.58 were used as activators. Pozzolanic materials (G + U), activators, and free water were combined by weight ratios as: 1/0.35/0.02. A 28-day compressive strength of 44 MPa was achieved for G/U + G of 0.2 cured for 24 h at 60 C. Finally, characterization was done using X-ray diffraction, SEM and FTIR and the analyses revealed that GBFS contributes significantly to the mechanical strength by pore filling effects, and the formation of additional calcium (aluminate) silicate hydrate (C(A)SH).

AB - In this study, combinations of ultrafine palm oil fuel ash (UPOFA) and ground blast furnace slag (GBFS) have been used to study the compressive strength and microstructure of the alkali-activated GBFS-UPOFA (AAGU) binary blended binder paste. GBFS (G) was added in varying percentages to alkaline activated UPOFA (AAU) such that the ratio of G/U + G varied from 0 to 0.3 at interval of 0.05. Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with a final silicate modulus (Ms = SiO2/Na 2O) of 1.58 were used as activators. Pozzolanic materials (G + U), activators, and free water were combined by weight ratios as: 1/0.35/0.02. A 28-day compressive strength of 44 MPa was achieved for G/U + G of 0.2 cured for 24 h at 60 C. Finally, characterization was done using X-ray diffraction, SEM and FTIR and the analyses revealed that GBFS contributes significantly to the mechanical strength by pore filling effects, and the formation of additional calcium (aluminate) silicate hydrate (C(A)SH).

KW - Calcium-silicate-hydrate

KW - Compressive strength

KW - Geopolymers

KW - Granulated blast-furnace slag

KW - Materials characterization

KW - Palm oil fuel ash

KW - Sodium silicate

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JO - Construction and Building Materials

JF - Construction and Building Materials

ER -

Strength and microstructure of alkali-activated binary blended binder containing palm oil fuel ash and ground blast-furnace slag

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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