STAR-RISs Versus Full-Duplex Decode-and-Forward Relaying: Which is Better?

Taissir Y. Elganimi; Khaled M. Rabie; Mahmoud Aldababsa; Xingwang Li; Mohamed Slim Alouini

doi:10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3602930

STAR-RISs Versus Full-Duplex Decode-and-Forward Relaying: Which is Better?

Taissir Y. Elganimi^*, Khaled M. Rabie, Mahmoud Aldababsa, Xingwang Li, Mohamed Slim Alouini

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) technology was recently proposed to address the issue of the limited coverage area of RISs. This technology is capable of providing reflection and refraction for signals towards both sides of the surface. This letter compares STAR-RIS, conventional RIS and traditional half-duplex (HD) and full-duplex (FD) decode-and-forward (DF) relaying in terms of the rate and energy efficiency (EE). The simulation results showed that large surfaces and very high rates are needed in STAR-RISs to outperform the HD- and FD-DF relaying, where the EE is maximized by minimizing the total power.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2556-2560
Number of pages	5
Journal	IEEE Communications Letters
Volume	29
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3602930
State	Published - 2025

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 1997-2012 IEEE.

Keywords

STAR-RIS
achievable rate
energy efficiency
full-duplex decode-and-forward relaying
repetition coding

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Modeling and Simulation
Computer Science Applications
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3602930

Cite this

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title = "STAR-RISs Versus Full-Duplex Decode-and-Forward Relaying: Which is Better?",

abstract = "Simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) technology was recently proposed to address the issue of the limited coverage area of RISs. This technology is capable of providing reflection and refraction for signals towards both sides of the surface. This letter compares STAR-RIS, conventional RIS and traditional half-duplex (HD) and full-duplex (FD) decode-and-forward (DF) relaying in terms of the rate and energy efficiency (EE). The simulation results showed that large surfaces and very high rates are needed in STAR-RISs to outperform the HD- and FD-DF relaying, where the EE is maximized by minimizing the total power.",

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author = "Elganimi, \{Taissir Y.\} and Rabie, \{Khaled M.\} and Mahmoud Aldababsa and Xingwang Li and Alouini, \{Mohamed Slim\}",

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T2 - Which is Better?

AU - Elganimi, Taissir Y.

AU - Rabie, Khaled M.

AU - Aldababsa, Mahmoud

AU - Li, Xingwang

AU - Alouini, Mohamed Slim

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - Simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) technology was recently proposed to address the issue of the limited coverage area of RISs. This technology is capable of providing reflection and refraction for signals towards both sides of the surface. This letter compares STAR-RIS, conventional RIS and traditional half-duplex (HD) and full-duplex (FD) decode-and-forward (DF) relaying in terms of the rate and energy efficiency (EE). The simulation results showed that large surfaces and very high rates are needed in STAR-RISs to outperform the HD- and FD-DF relaying, where the EE is maximized by minimizing the total power.

AB - Simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) technology was recently proposed to address the issue of the limited coverage area of RISs. This technology is capable of providing reflection and refraction for signals towards both sides of the surface. This letter compares STAR-RIS, conventional RIS and traditional half-duplex (HD) and full-duplex (FD) decode-and-forward (DF) relaying in terms of the rate and energy efficiency (EE). The simulation results showed that large surfaces and very high rates are needed in STAR-RISs to outperform the HD- and FD-DF relaying, where the EE is maximized by minimizing the total power.

KW - STAR-RIS

KW - achievable rate

KW - energy efficiency

KW - full-duplex decode-and-forward relaying

KW - repetition coding

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STAR-RISs Versus Full-Duplex Decode-and-Forward Relaying: Which is Better?

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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