Spectroscopic evaluation of gold nanoparticles-embedded Dy³⁺-doped Li₂CO₃–SrO–ZnO–B₂O₃ glasses: white solid-state lighting potential

This paper reports white solid-state lighting potential of gold nanoparticles-embedded Dy³⁺-doped Li₂CO₃–SrO–ZnO–B₂O₃ glasses prepared using melt quenching. The produced materials undergo characterizations using various instrumentations to assess the sensitivity of changing AuNP concentrations on their emission characteristics. XRD phase analysis established that the samples were glasses. TEM analysis shows AuNPs, whereas EDX spectroscopic analysis confirmed the inclusion of precursor elements into the glasses. The thermal stability, Hruby parameter, and glass-forming ability are 146–156 °C, 1.27–1.39 and 66–0.65 respectively. The optical absorption spectra of the glasses are consistent with Dy³⁺ transitions, while the surface plasmon resonance band fits the AuNPs characteristics band. The emission spectroscopic analysis reveals intensification factors of 1.52, 1.84, and 1.14 for ⁶H_15/2, ⁶H_13/2, and ⁶H_11/2 transitions. The Judd–Ofelt evaluation was made to support the experimental spectroscopic data. The CIE coordinates were traced to cool white color field with purity of 15.64–7.79% and CCT values of 5491–5437 K. The achieved excellent thermal properties, enhanced emission, and colorimetric properties, including color purity and natural daylight (cool) correlated color temperature (CCT) values, are advantageous for white solid-state lighting applications.