Significant aspects of carbon capture and storage – A review

Excessive emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere has resulted in a progressive climate change and global warming in the past decades. There have been many approaches developed to reduce the emission of Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere, among which Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) techniques has been recognized as the most promising method. This paper provides a deeper insight about the CCS technology where CO₂ is captured and stored in deep geological formations for stabilization of the earth's temperature. Principles of capturing and storage for a long-term sequestration are also discussed together with the processes, mechanisms and interactions induced by supercritical CO₂ upon injection into subsurface geological sites.