Signal Intensity Augmentation of Elements Detected in Blood Serum Using Dual Pulse Laser Induced Plasma Spectroscopy Under Ambient He Gas Environment

It is indispensable to accurately and sensitively identify and analyze the elemental composition of human blood serum. In the current study, human blood serums were analyzed for elements utilizing orthogonal dual pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (DP-LIBS) setup in He gas environment. Experimentally, a fundamental pulse Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm, 7 ns) was irradiated just above the material target to induce a luminous gas plasma. A third harmonic pulse Nd:YAG laser (355 nm, 7 ns) was subsequently focused on the material surface to initiate a target plasma to ablate the atoms from the blood serum film to be sent to the gas plasma region. Double pulse LIBS technique has been successfully applied to increase the LIBS signal intensity up to 8 folds of major, minor, and trace components in human blood serum. Furthermore, a number of emission lines that were indistinctly detected by single pulse LIBS were accurately identified with the use of the DP-LIBS. A variety of components from the human blood serum have been analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Element concentrations measured in human blood are to be 8360 ppm, 219 ppm, 581 ppm, 785 ppm, 343 ppm, 293 ppm, and 12 ppm for C, Ca, K, Mg, P, Na, and Fe, respectively. The LIBS outcome results are in excellent agreement with the results acquired by applying the standard XRF technique.