Room temperature ferromagnetism in CrGaN: Dependence on growth conditions in rf N-plasma molecular beam epitaxy

Muhammad B. Haider; Rong Yang; Hamad Al-Brithen; Costel Constantin; David C. Ingram; Arthur R. Smith; Gabriel Caruntu; Charles J. O'Connor

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2005.08.047

Room temperature ferromagnetism in CrGaN: Dependence on growth conditions in rf N-plasma molecular beam epitaxy

Muhammad B. Haider, Rong Yang, Hamad Al-Brithen, Costel Constantin, David C. Ingram, Arthur R. Smith^*, Gabriel Caruntu, Charles J. O'Connor

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

Here, we report the influence of the growth conditions for CrGaN grown with the N-polarity on sapphire (0 0 0 1) using radio frequency N plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Samples are grown under different Ga/N flux ratio of 0.65-1.0 at substrate temperatures of 650 and 700°C. The Cr/Ga flux ratio is set to either 3% or 5%. These growth parameters allow to vary over a range of growth conditions from N-rich to Ga-rich. It is shown that the surface condition during growth influences the surface morphology and magnetic properties of CrGaN. In particular, we show that N-rich and metal-rich growth conditions result in room temperature ferromagnetism. Also discussed are the influence of Cr on the surface reconstruction and also the influence of annealing on the properties of the CrGaN film.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	300-311
Number of pages	12
Journal	Journal of Crystal Growth
Volume	285
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2005.08.047
State	Published - 1 Dec 2005
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. 9983816 and 0304314.

Keywords

A1. AFM
A1. RHEED
A1. XRD
A3. MBE
B1. GaN
B2. DMS

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Condensed Matter Physics
Inorganic Chemistry
Materials Chemistry

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10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2005.08.047

Cite this

@article{f1a75981882e4210bdd2c85730fe106c,

title = "Room temperature ferromagnetism in CrGaN: Dependence on growth conditions in rf N-plasma molecular beam epitaxy",

abstract = "Here, we report the influence of the growth conditions for CrGaN grown with the N-polarity on sapphire (0 0 0 1) using radio frequency N plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Samples are grown under different Ga/N flux ratio of 0.65-1.0 at substrate temperatures of 650 and 700°C. The Cr/Ga flux ratio is set to either 3\% or 5\%. These growth parameters allow to vary over a range of growth conditions from N-rich to Ga-rich. It is shown that the surface condition during growth influences the surface morphology and magnetic properties of CrGaN. In particular, we show that N-rich and metal-rich growth conditions result in room temperature ferromagnetism. Also discussed are the influence of Cr on the surface reconstruction and also the influence of annealing on the properties of the CrGaN film.",

keywords = "A1. AFM, A1. RHEED, A1. XRD, A3. MBE, B1. GaN, B2. DMS",

author = "Haider, \{Muhammad B.\} and Rong Yang and Hamad Al-Brithen and Costel Constantin and Ingram, \{David C.\} and Smith, \{Arthur R.\} and Gabriel Caruntu and O'Connor, \{Charles J.\}",

note = "Funding Information: This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. 9983816 and 0304314. ",

year = "2005",

month = dec,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2005.08.047",

language = "English",

volume = "285",

pages = "300--311",

journal = "Journal of Crystal Growth",

issn = "0022-0248",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Room temperature ferromagnetism in CrGaN

T2 - Dependence on growth conditions in rf N-plasma molecular beam epitaxy

AU - Haider, Muhammad B.

AU - Yang, Rong

AU - Al-Brithen, Hamad

AU - Constantin, Costel

AU - Ingram, David C.

AU - Smith, Arthur R.

AU - Caruntu, Gabriel

AU - O'Connor, Charles J.

N1 - Funding Information: This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. 9983816 and 0304314.

PY - 2005/12/1

Y1 - 2005/12/1

N2 - Here, we report the influence of the growth conditions for CrGaN grown with the N-polarity on sapphire (0 0 0 1) using radio frequency N plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Samples are grown under different Ga/N flux ratio of 0.65-1.0 at substrate temperatures of 650 and 700°C. The Cr/Ga flux ratio is set to either 3% or 5%. These growth parameters allow to vary over a range of growth conditions from N-rich to Ga-rich. It is shown that the surface condition during growth influences the surface morphology and magnetic properties of CrGaN. In particular, we show that N-rich and metal-rich growth conditions result in room temperature ferromagnetism. Also discussed are the influence of Cr on the surface reconstruction and also the influence of annealing on the properties of the CrGaN film.

AB - Here, we report the influence of the growth conditions for CrGaN grown with the N-polarity on sapphire (0 0 0 1) using radio frequency N plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Samples are grown under different Ga/N flux ratio of 0.65-1.0 at substrate temperatures of 650 and 700°C. The Cr/Ga flux ratio is set to either 3% or 5%. These growth parameters allow to vary over a range of growth conditions from N-rich to Ga-rich. It is shown that the surface condition during growth influences the surface morphology and magnetic properties of CrGaN. In particular, we show that N-rich and metal-rich growth conditions result in room temperature ferromagnetism. Also discussed are the influence of Cr on the surface reconstruction and also the influence of annealing on the properties of the CrGaN film.

KW - A1. AFM

KW - A1. RHEED

KW - A1. XRD

KW - A3. MBE

KW - B1. GaN

KW - B2. DMS

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/27644463797

U2 - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2005.08.047

DO - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2005.08.047

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:27644463797

SN - 0022-0248

VL - 285

SP - 300

EP - 311

JO - Journal of Crystal Growth

JF - Journal of Crystal Growth

IS - 3

ER -

Room temperature ferromagnetism in CrGaN: Dependence on growth conditions in rf N-plasma molecular beam epitaxy

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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