Robust High-Gain Control for Maximum Power Point Tracking of Variable-Speed Wind Turbines

Wind turbines are a key technology in sustainable energy generation, but their performance is often challenged by strong aerodynamic disturbances, parameter uncertainties, and rapidly varying operating conditions. Achieving reliable maximum power point tracking (MPPT) under such conditions requires control strategies with fast dynamic response and strong robustness. This paper proposes a robust high-gain control scheme for MPPT of variable-speed wind turbines. The method uses high-gain feedback to enforce accurate rotor speed tracking while attenuating the effects of unmodeled dynamics and external disturbances. By appropriately tuning the gain parameters, the controller achieves rapid error convergence without sacrificing robustness or stability. A rigorous Lyapunov-based analysis establishes closed-loop stability under model uncertainties. Simulation studies, conducted under both smooth and highly turbulent wind profiles, demonstrate that the proposed high-gain control achieves faster tracking, improved disturbance rejection, and higher energy capture efficiency, while maintaining smooth control actions suitable for practical implementation.