Rheological behavior of associating ionic polymers based on diallylammonium salts containing single-, twin-, and triple-tailed hydrophobes

The cycloterpolymerizations of N,N-diallyl-(4-octyloxy)benzyl-, N,N-diallyl-(3,5-dioctyloxy)benzyl-, and N,N-diallyl-(3,4,5-trioctyloxy)benzyl-ammonium chloride (0-8 mol%) with hydrophilic monomer N,N-diallyl-N-carboethoxymethylammonium chloride and sulfur dioxide afforded a series of cationic polyelectrolytes (CPE). The CPEs were treated with HCl and NaOH to produce the corresponding pH-responsive cationic acid salts (CAS) and polybetaines (PB), anionic polyelectrolytes (APE) as well as polymers PB/APE containing various proportions of zwitterionic (PB) and anionic fractions (APE) in the polymer chain. Likewise, the cycloterpolymerizations of these single-, twin-, and triple-tailed hydrophobes (0-12 mol%) with hydrophilic monomer diallyldimethylammonium chloride and sulfur dioxide afforded a series of CPE in excellent yields. The polymers were characterized by different techniques including NMR and IR. The solution properties of the series of CPE were investigated by rheological techniques. The studied water soluble polymers showed different rheological behavior depending on their structure (hydrophobe type and content) as well as salinity and pH. The high shear thinning and the formation of networks at low shear would likely promote the use of such polymers in enhanced oil recovery applications.