Revolutionising Energy Management: Design and Deployment of an IoT-Based Energy Metering and Monitoring System

In the era of innovative technologies and rising energy demands, intelligent energy management systems have become essential for sustainable development. This article outlines the design and execution of a contemporary, IoT-enabled prepaid energy metering and monitoring system that incorporates Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. The proposed solution allows users to seamlessly recharge energy credit via RFID cards and monitor real-time energy parameters - such as voltage, current, power consumption, and available balance - through an intuitive Android application. At the core of the system, an ESP32 microcontroller efficiently acquires sensor data and communicates with a remote server over Wi-Fi. To ensure safety and optimise consumption, an innovative load management feature is implemented to disconnect appliances once a predefined load threshold is exceeded automatically. Experimental validation shows the system achieves an overall accuracy of 98 %. This approach not only enhances user convenience but also supports cost reduction, promotes energy efficiency, and contributes to the vision of more intelligent, more connected energy infrastructures.