Retraction notice to “Statistical computational optimization approach for photocatalytic-ozonation decontamination of metronidazole in aqueous media using CuFe₂O₄/SiO₂/ZnO nanocomposite” (Environmental Research (2024) 242, (S0013935123025513), (10.1016/j.envres.2023.117747))

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier policy on article withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies-and-standards/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor. The authors provided a response to concerns raised on PubPeer at https://pubpeer.com/publications/1BFF1E2A9D65066DC4BA507995FF28. The editor assessed the materials supplied by the authors and found the XRD patterns in the excel file to be flawed, displaying inconsistent intervals, repeated 2theta values and backtracking. Moreover, the published XRD patterns have similar background and shape as those published previously but for different materials, the XRDs in the article displaying additional suspicious looking peaks. The background for the EDX spectrum has also appeared in several other articles, also reporting different materials. The articles in question are as follows: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2021.105725 (EDX and XRD) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114127 (EDX and XRD) https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10927-5 (EDX and XRD) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2022.107450 (EDX) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.117747 (EDX and XRD, this article) Due to the inadequacy of the explanation provided by the authors for the above, the Editor has lost confidence in the reliability of the findings presented in this article as a whole and is retracting it. Additionally, Nadeem Ahmad Khan was added at first revision without declaration or explanation.