Reflective and Transmissive Linear Polarization Rotators: A Review

This article provides a comprehensive literature review of design principles and topologies for both reflective and transmissive polarization rotators. It begins with an overview of polarization rotators and their applications, setting the stage for an in-depth exploration of design methodologies. Reflective polarization rotator designs are first discussed, focusing on two primary approaches: tilted resonators and coupled current techniques. The article then examines various strategies for designing transmissive polarization rotators, including tilted resonators between grids, coupled currents, substrate-integrated waveguides, aperture coupling, meander lines, multilayer inclined wire gratings, and electromagnetic wave coupling techniques. Additionally, the review covers polarization rotators based on the 3D frequency selective surfaces design principle. The article also presents a range of design examples from existing literature and concludes with a discussion of absorptive polarization rotator designs. This review highlights some important gaps in current research on polarization rotators, offering a roadmap for future studies. By pointing out areas where existing methods are insufficient, it aims to guide researchers in tackling these challenges.