Reduced Switch Multilevel Inverter Topology for Electric Vehicle Powertrains

This article explores a 7-level reduced switch multilevel inverter (RSMLI) topology for electric vehicle (EV) powertrain application. This work is aimed at enhancing efficiency and compactness, while minimizing the cost and complexity. Traditional multilevel inverters need a large number of power electronic switches, increasing the overall system size, switching losses, and control complexity. The proposed RSMLI topology significantly reduces the number of active switches and gate drivers without compromising output voltage quality or power delivery capability. This results in lower total harmonic distortion (THD), reduced conduction and switching losses, and improved overall system reliability. The inverter operates effectively across a wide range of operating conditions typically encountered in EVs, offering robust performance and fast dynamic response. Furthermore, the reduced switch count contributes to better thermal management, increased power density, and simpler control implementation. Simulation results confirm the proposed inverter's performance during different dynamic conditions, demonstrating superior efficiency and fast transient response. The compact nature of the design makes it highly suitable for integration in space-constrained EV applications. Comparative analysis with some of the recent multilevel inverters highlights the advantages on the basis of switch count, DC sources, power diodes, and capacitors used. The proposed RSMLI offers a promising solution for next-generation EV powertrains, promoting energy-efficient and sustainable transportation.