Recent advances in developing ecofriendly cost-effective textile processing

The rise of eco-imbalance caused by many factors, particularly by textile effluents, has now forced researchers and people to move towards sustainability day by day. Researchers and traders are now using sustainable methods for modification of textiles, either by treating fabric processing with enzymes or by enhancing the dyeing process with modern methods like radiations. In this chapter, a short review will be given on fabric processing, such as desizing, scouring, and bleaching & mercerization using enzyme technology in comparison with conventional methods, as well as fabric surface modification with UV, microwave, ultrasonic, gamma radiation followed by dyeing using selected direct reactive and vat dyes. By application of these, cost, energy, and economy effective methods, not only sustainable and eco-safe, products have been obtained but also low effluent loads toward the environment are released. It is hoped that this chapter will contain useful information for the textile community who want to use effective methods for textile processing by saving money, labor, as well as the power to introduce sustainable products around the globe.