Process considerations in design of ozone contactor for disinfection

A review of the fundamental information available in the existing literature covering the various design variables which affect the degree of inactivation of microorganisms by ozone is presented. The process design variables reviewed include contact time, ozone dosage and residual, ozone bubbles, type of microorganisms, density of microorganisms, pH, mixing, temperature, application of catalyst, organic matter present in wastewater, and organic loading of biological treatment systems. A summary, along with recommendations for the design of an ozone disinfection system, is also given. The major objective of the paper is to provide useful information for designing an effective ozone contactor for disinfection.