Power capacity enhancement of hydropower plant through the penetration of solar and wind energy

Integrating renewable energy sources is crucial for enhancing the power capacity and reliability of existing hydropower plants. This study explores the potential of augmenting hydropower capacity by incorporating solar and wind energy. By leveraging the complementary nature of these renewable sources, the study aims to optimize energy production and reduce dependence on hydro resources during low water availability. A comprehensive analysis, including simulation models and field data, demonstrates the effective harnessing and synchronization of solar and wind energy with hydropower generation. A multi-objective genetic algorithm was employed to optimize this integration, addressing objectives such as maximizing power output, improving energy efficiency, and minimizing environmental impact. This algorithm facilitated the identification of effective strategies for enhancing the performance and capacity of the hybrid renewable energy system. Three key objectives were achieved: reducing the Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP) to 0.75 %, calculating the net present cost (NPC) at $4.37 million, and determining the cost of energy (COE) at $0.086 per kilowatt-hour (kWh). These results demonstrate the economic viability and reliability of the integrated system. The power generation capacity of the plant was enhanced by 25 % with integration of PV, and wind energy system. The findings reveal significant improvements in power capacity and grid stability, highlighting the feasibility and benefits of a hybrid renewable energy system. This approach enhances energy security, reduces greenhouse gas emissions by 248,922.4 tons per year, and promotes clean energy use. The study offers valuable insights and guidelines for policymakers and energy planners seeking to implement similar strategies.