Organic pollutant and dye degradation with nanocomposites

Textile industry majorly causes pollution of water. These contaminants have inorganic or organic pollutants. Consuming industries as well as manufacturing industries release olefins, aromatics, ketones, paraffins and esters (VOCs examples) into air. These toxic compounds are carcinogenic and bear several toxic effects. They must be treated carefully. Biological (biosorption or biodegradation), chemical (coagulation) and physical (filtration and adsorption) strategies are involved in treatment of dyes, in several cases they are efficient and all kinds of pollutants and dyes can be treated. These contaminants are treated by different techniques such as bioremediation, phycoremediation and phytoremediation, each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. Genetically modified organisms are used in different technologies with few ethical issues. However, fast-emerging technique is nanotechnology which performs wide range of applications. This review also explains different nanocomposites derived from ash with their preparation conditions and methods. As one of the safest nanomaterials, the long and highly porous nanofibers serve as a promising platform for numerous emerging environmental applications, in particular in liquid filtration and particulate separation for water treatment and environmental remediation, respectively.