Optimizing graphene content in scaffolds for evenly distributed crumpled MoS₂ paper wads as anodes for high-performance Li-ion batteries

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have revolutionized portable electronics, yet their conventional graphite anodes face capacity limitations. Integrating graphene and 3D molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) offers a promising solution. Ensuring a uniform distribution of 3D MoS₂ nanostructures within a graphene matrix is crucial for optimizing battery performance and preventing issues like agglomeration and capacity degradation. This study focuses on synthesizing a uniformly distributed paper wad structure by optimizing a composite of reduced graphene oxide RGO@MoS₂ through structural and morphological analyses. Three composites with varying graphene content were synthesized, revealing that the optimized sample containing 30 mg RGO demonstrates beneficial synergy between MoS₂ and RGO. The interconnected RGO network enhances reactivity and conductivity, addressing MoS₂ aggregation. Experimental results exhibit an initially superior capacity of 911 mAh g⁻¹, retained at 851 mAh g⁻¹ even after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g⁻¹ current density, showcasing improved rate efficiency and long-term stability. This research underscores the pivotal role of graphene content in customizing RGO@MoS₂ composites for enhanced LIB performance.