Optimal planning of ESS and transmission lines to accommodate high wind power integration

This paper introduces an optimal planning approach to find the size and the location of an energy storage system (ESS) among the power network buses and the expansion of transmission lines to host the wind power integration to serve the load demand growth. The proposed methodology gives the optimal location concerning the required size of ESS at each bus, along with the optimal selections to reinforce existing lines or recommending new ones in a single solving stage. The optimization formulation was modeled as mixed-integer linear programming to facilitate the ESS decision variable requirements. Furthermore, wind curtailment and load shedding are considered in the cost function. The methodology was exercised in the IEEE RTS-96 system. The simulation results demonstrate the successfulness of the suggested optimal sizing strategy, in which the size and the location of an ESS were optimally found, and the optimal candidates and transfer capacity for the tie-lines expansion planning are determined.