Optimal parameters for boron recovery in a batch adsorption study: Synthesis, characterization, regeneration, kinetics, and isotherm studies

Boron is essential for plant growth and finds widespread use in industries, contributing to the advancement of materials and technologies. Its dual role underscores its critical importance. This article explores the efficient recovery of boron from aqueous solutions through a batch study employing a newly developed synthesized adsorbent. The successful synthesis of (B Mg–Al-CLDH) was achieved for the purpose of recovering boron (B) from aqueous solutions. Moreover, it can be easily regenerated, contributing to cost-effectiveness and sustainability. The main emphasis of this study revolves around refining essential operational parameters, encompassing contact time, boron concentration, adsorbent dosage, and pH, achieved through Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The RSM analysis unveiled the optimal conditions for achieving maximal boron recovery efficiency, revealing the following values: a contact time of 200 minutes, a boron concentration of 1450 mg/L, an adsorbent dosage of 800 mg/L, and a solution pH of 7. Furthermore, this study meticulously scrutinized the kinetics of boron adsorption, with the Pseudo-First Order model yielding a highly favorable fit characterized by an R² value of 0.9726. Likewise, the Freundlich isotherm model exhibited a strong correlation with the adsorption process, as reflected by an R² value of 0.9758, confirming the efficacy of the synthesized adsorbent. The synthesized adsorbent exhibited remarkable regenerative capabilities and reusability, highlighting its potential as a sustainable solution. The regeneration of the synthesized adsorbent consistently yielded excellent results, maintaining a high percentage of boron recovery. In the initial cycle, it achieved an impressive 96 % recovery rate, and even after the fifth cycle, it sustained a commendable 94 % recovery rate. The study outcomes illustrate the efficiency of B Mg–Al-LDH in boron recovery from aqueous solutions and offer valuable guidance on the optimal adsorption conditions. Consequently, B Mg–Al-LDH was selected as the preferred option for boron recovery due to its superior sorption capacity and percentage of boron absorbed.