Optimal Location and Energy Management Strategy for EV Fast Charging Station with Integration of Renewable Energy Sources

As climate change becomes a significant concern, the use of electric vehicles (EVs) has emerged as an effective remedy to the pollution caused by fossil-fuel transportation. To make the transportation sector carbon emission-free, the energy supply sources to the EV battery should be renewable. Furthermore, renewable energy sources have intermittent; therefore, an energy management strategy (EMS) has been proposed to manage the grid's peak and off-peak power demand. The location of fast charging stations (FCSs) and their size are critical for the distribution network. So, in this paper, to minimize the energy loss in the distribution system and transportation cost to reach the FCS for the charging, optimal location and capacity of FCS have been proposed. In addition, the FCS with Photovoltaic energy sources (PVES) and battery energy storage system (BESS) is proposed to manage the above problem. A novel improved bald eagle search algorithm is proposed for the optimal solution to locate the FCS with size. Furthermore, the IEEE-33 bus distribution system with residential, commercial, and industrial loads at the respective bus distribution system is suggested to place FCSs. For this work, the direct load flow technique is employed to analyze the load flow of the proposed IEEE 33 distribution system. The distribution system's active power flow and bus voltages are investigated for three recommended cases.