Numerical simulation of the interaction between three equal-sized rising bubbles using the phase-field method

The numerical study of bubble coalescence, repulsion, and breakage in a two-phase flow is important in several industrial and engineering applications. Different types of interactions and physical parameters have distinct effects on bubble size and shape. In this work, we present the motion and interaction of three parallel equally spaced and sized bubbles. A numerical scheme based on the diffuse-interface model has been used for simulation. Numerical results show that the three parallel rising bubbles experience coalescence or repulsion due to physical parameters such as the Reynolds number.