Non-Newtonian fluid flow in annular pipes and entropy generation: Temperature-dependent viscosity

Non-Newtonian fluid flow in annular pipes is considered and the entropy generation due to fluid friction and heat transfer in them is formulated. A third-grade fluid is employed to account for the non-Newtonian effect, while the Reynolds model is accommodated for temperature-dependent viscosity. Closed-form solutions for velocity, temperature, and entropy fields are presented. It is found that entropy generation number increases with reducing non-Newtonian parameter, while it is the reverse for the viscosity parameter, which is more pronounced in the region close to the annular pipe inner wall.