Nanofluids

Nanofluids are colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles with sizes ranging from one to one hundred nanometers in size. Nanofluids have been the subject of momentous study for the last fifteen years, owing to their increased thermal properties. In engineering equipment, the low thermal conductivity of conventional heat transfer fluid has shown to be a significant hindrance to enhancing the performance and compactness of the equipment. The use of tiny particles in nanoscale dispersed in conventional heat transfer fluids can overcome these challenges. Herein, different synthesis techniques of nanoparticles are discussed in detail. There are two methods employed for the preparation of nanofluids and their significance is included. Ultrasonication is a critical step in the preparation process because of its role in stabilizing and enhancing thermophysical characteristics. Further, the effect of nanoparticles on the viscosity of the nanofluids is included as the enhancement of the viscosity decelerates the heat transfer.