Nano-biotechnology for bacterial modification for wastewater treatment and resource recovery

In recent years, Nickel oxide and iron oxide nanoparticles were used to enhance hydrogen production from complex wastewater. This study is conducted thoroughly studied in the batch dark fermentation test. During this batch test, iron oxide nanoparticles alone (400 mg/L) showed a significant enhancement of 133 mL/g VSadded and 4.2 mL/h in hydrogen yield and hydrogen production rate respectively, representing a 19 percent and 27 percent relative enhancement, respectively, compared to nickel oxide nanoparticles, and therefore corroborate the usefulness of iron oxide nanoparticles on the hydrogen production process. Furthermore, the novel approach of simultaneous addition of iron oxide (400 mg/L) and nickel oxide (10 mg/L) nanoparticles gave a hydrogen yield of 139 mL/g VSadded and hydrogen production rate of about and 4.4 mL/h, during a batch test of complex food waste. The potentials of the possible synergy of simultaneous addition of iron oxide and nickel oxide nanoparticle for an increase in the hydrogen production, representing an enhancement of about 1.7-fold compared to single nanoparticle addition, is fairly demonstrated in the present study, Conclusively, enhanced activity of the enzymes owing to an optimum loading of nanoparticles of nickel and iron oxide was attributed to the observed relatively maximum increase in hydrogen production rate and hydrogen yield of about 64 percent, and 69 percent, respectively, during the batch test.