MOFs/COFs hybrids as next-generation materials for electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction reaction

The increasing scarcity of fossil fuels and the escalating environmental concerns have heightened the demand for clean and renewable energy resources. Addressing this imperative, the exploration of electrocatalytic materials for CO₂ reduction reactions (CO₂ RR) presents a tough challenge in achieving efficient energy conversion with high Faradic efficiency (FE). Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) represent crystalline materials characterized by hierarchical porous morphology. The rapid advancements in MOFs and COFs hold promising potential for diversifying CO₂ RR electrocatalysts. Particularly noteworthy is the growing interest in hybrid materials combining MOFs and COFs, which has sparked considerable attention and is rapidly evolving across various domains. This inclusive review comprehensively discusses the progress and achievements in the design, synthesis, and application of MOFs/COFs hybrid materials for electrocatalytic CO₂ RR. It concludes with insights into the evolving trends in structural design, potential applications, and associated challenges facing MOFs/COFs hybrid materials.