Modulation Approach for Wind MPPT Under Changing Weather Conditions

In the wind energy system, an appropriate and effective voltage regulation of the converter is essential to guarantee the maximum power point operation. A technique based on direct pulse width modulation controller is presented in the suggested paper for the boost converter, whose working principle is based on single gain (k). Apart from developing the controller, the main contribution of this work is to tune the gain k on run time in accordance with the wind's velocity. For this purpose, initially, a thorough investigation has been executed with regard to k values and wind parameters, which will ensure the robust response of the controller. Thereafter, the direct values of duty cycle (D) of the converter are computed through the fundamental relation of the proposed controller. A comparative study for different wind conditions has been conducted to validate the performance of the proposed controller over previous controllers. The simulation results highlight a superior steady response, where the proposed controller shows a steady state error of 0.35% as compared to P&O and FOIC, where their errors are 3.5% and 1.5%, respectively. While the proposed controller's convergence response time is 110 ms, the response time of FOIC is 135 ms, and P&O is maximum while achieving its maximum power point.