Mixed convective heat and mass transfer of Carreau fluid flow past over a permeable stretching disk: thermal and concentration analysis

This effort is devoted toward examining the steady flow of a Carreau fluid passing over a permeable linearly stretching disk in the presence of concentration and thermal buoyancy effects due to density difference. The impact of thermal and concentration forces (as a result of temperature and density differences) adds a high level of complexity to mathematical problems. The complex mathematical model forms a set of coupled partial differential equations under the permeable linearly stretching surface conditions. The complex mathematical model is simplified by the boundary layer approach which is solved by the similarity transformation and shooting method in MATLAB software. The numerical results for heat transfer, shear stress, and mass transfer rate on the surface are evaluated and displayed in tabular form. The impact of permeable surface and fluid parameters on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles have been shown through graphs, and noticed that permeability of the surface retard the axial flow, heat transfer and concentration in the Carreau fluid also skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number become weak by the rising values of Weissenberg number. The comparison between the present and existing results is obtained in the form of a table and a strong agreement between results has been observed.