MIMO Antennas for 5G-Enabled Devices

The upcoming fifth-generation (5G) multiple-input–multiple output (MIMO) antenna systems are important to fulfill the requirements of future generation wireless communication systems. The prospect usage of 5G technology and communication devices is very promising. The main advantages of 5G technology are its greater transmission speed, high data rate, low latency, high reliability, enhanced spectral efficiencies, and the possibility of connecting greater number of wireless devices to the networks. In the near future, 5G wireless standards will proliferate and touch all aspects of our life. Both sub-6 GHz and millimeter-wave bands are going to be utilized in future generations of wireless connectivity. In this chapter, a brief introduction and the significance of 5G MIMO technology are provided followed by the evolution of MIMO—from 4G to 5G. Apart from certain advantages, 5G poses several challenges from an antenna design perspective for both sub-6 GHz and millimeter (mm)-wave bands, and hence it is crucial to investigate the limitations and design considerations for such systems. This chapter features MIMO antenna designs for base station (BS) as well as handheld devices for both sub-6 GHz and mm-wave bands. Moreover, the recent developments in sub-6 GHz 5G MIMO, integrated sub-6 GHz and mm-wave 5G MIMO, and mm-wave massive-MIMO (m-MIMO) for both user equipment (UE) and BS antenna designs are reported in a comprehensive manner. Furthermore, an attempt is made to include state of the art, available commercial 5G antennas for BS, access unit (AU), and UE to give an insight about their capabilities and recent trends.