Microgrid Control Problems and Related Issues

A microgrid comprises distributed generation, energy storage, loads, and a control system that is capable of operating in grid-connected mode and/or islanded mode. As operation modes are shifted, the microgrid should successfully manage the voltage and frequency adjustment so as to protect the grid and any loads connected to the system. This chapter presents an overall description and a comprehensive study of energy storage devices, microgrid loads, distributed energy resources, and power electronic interface modules in microgrids. It is emphasized that the coordinated control of distributed energy resources can be achieved by various techniques, ranging from a basically centralized control approach to a fully decentralized approach, depending on the share of responsibilities assumed by a central controller and the local controllers of the distributed generation units and flexible loads.