Metformin encapsulated gold nanoparticles (MTF-GNPs): A promising antiglycation agent

Fahaad Alenazi*, Mohd Saleem, Azharuddin Sajid Syed Khaja, Mubashir Zafar, Mohammed Salem Alharbi, Turki Al Hagbani, Jalaluddin Mohammad Ashraf, Mohammad Qamar, Zeeshan Rafi, Saheem Ahmad*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

The generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) through nonenzymatic protein glycation contributes to the pathogenesis of long-lived diabetic problems. Metformin (MTF) is the very first drug having antihyperglycemic effects on type II diabetes mellitus which also possess interaction with dicarbonyl compounds and blocks the formation of AGEs. In the current study, MTF is bioconjugated with glycation-derived synthesized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) of significant size. Additionally, using various biophysical and biochemical approaches, we investigated the antiglycating capacity MTF-GNPs in contrast to MTF against d-ribose-derived glycation of bovine serum albumin. Our key findings via utilizing various assays demonstrated that MTF-GNPs were able to inhibit AGEs development by reducing hyperchromicity, early glycation products, carbonyl content, hydxoxymethylfurfural content, production of fluorescent AGEs, normalizing the loss of secondary structure (i.e., α-helix and β-sheets) of proteins, elevating the levels of free lysine and free arginine more efficiently compared to pure MTF. Based on these results, we concluded that MTF-GNPs possess a considerable antiglycation property and may be developed as an outstanding anti-AGEs treatment drug. Further in vivo and clinical research are necessary to determine the therapeutic effects of MTF-GNPs against AGE-related and metabolic disorders.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)729-741
Number of pages13
JournalCell Biochemistry and Function
Volume40
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Keywords

  • Metformin
  • fluorescence
  • hydroxy methyl furfural
  • nitrobluetetrazolium
  • transmission electron microscopy

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Biochemistry
  • Clinical Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology

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