Metal-organic frameworks based elecrode materials for supercapacitor application

In power density, reversibility, and cycle life, supercapacitors outperform other energy storage technologies. To maximize their potential, novel electrode materials and designs are needed. Imagine a revolutionary material that combines metal ions’ strength with organic ligands’ flexibility. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are an extraordinary class of compounds with intricate porous structures. Their expansive surface area, customizable pore sizes, and unyielding chemical stability make them the perfect candidates for supercapacitors, renowned for their speed and incredible power densities. MOF electrodes are the critical component that enables supercapacitors to achieve unparalleled energy storage capabilities. MOFs’ large surface area stores massive charges at the electrode-electrolyte interface, resulting in high energy densities. MOFs’ flexible pore size enables us to customize electrode surface area, improving charge storage. Due to the strong covalent connections between metal ions or clusters and organic ligands, MOFs can withstand multiple charge-discharge cycles in supercapacitors. MOFs’ adaptability lets them change attributes by changing metal ions, clusters, and organic ligands during production. This versatility allows us to construct MOFs with specific energy storage qualities. As a result of their large surface area, flexible pore size, and chemical stability, MOFs are a promising supercapacitor material. MOFs can help fulfill the growing demand for efficient and sustainable energy storage solutions in research and development. This chapter discusses MOF material-based supercapacitor electrode developments. Next-generation supercapacitor electrodes benefit from MOFs’ ultra-high porosity, customizable pore size distribution, simplicity of synthesis, and structural customizability. As electrodes for supercapacitors, MOFs functionalized with oxides and metallic and nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) are widely employed. Synthesis, energy storage, and structural design of pure MOFs as well as with doped or composites are discussed. Finally, we evaluate pure MOFs and functionalized MOFs development prospects.